Improvement in ventilators for hats



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IMPROVEMENT IN VENTILATORS FOR HATS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 53,406. dated March 27, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENAJAH J. BURNETT, of Mount Vernon, in the county of Vestchester and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Ventilators for Hats and Caps 5 and I do hereby declare the' following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part ot' this specication, in which- Figure l is a plan view of the ventilator alone. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional View, showing the invention as applied to a hat. Fig. 3 is a side view of the ventilator alone.

In order to more clearly show the form and construction ofthe invention, it is represented much larger in the drawings than it will be :made in practice.

Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts in all the figures.

This invention consists in a novel and very simple and compact device, which can be applied to the crown of any hat, cap,` or other covering for the head without disfiguring it, and which, when applied, projects outwardly beyond the outer surface of the hat or cap, and inwardly beyond the inner surface thereof, in such manner as to provide, at the same time, for the ingress of cool, fresh air and the egress of air which has been heated by contact with the head or charged with moisture from the skin.

To enable those skilled in the art to understand the construction and operation of my invention, I will proceed to describe it with reference to the drawings.

a is a circular plate, of a peculiar shape, being provided around its edge with a series of detlecting-surfaces, a', separated from each other by partitions i, and which form the upper portion of the air-passages. This plate is placed upon a ring, d, which is provided with two annular flanges, d and b, by means of which the device is attached to the hat, as will be presently explained.

Secured to the lower` side of the ring d is another plate, in, of the same size and shape as the upper plate, a, being provided with curved or sloping surfaces g around its edge, which correspond to the surfaces a of the upper plate, a. The lower plate, m, is placed in an inverted position, with its surface g exactly opposite the surfaces a of the upper plate.

The inner portions of the hollows formed in the two plates by their respective surfaces a and b communicate with the interior of the ring d, and form, in connection therewith and with each other, curved air-passages, through which the air passes to and from the interior of the hat when the ventilator is applied thereto.

A short tube, f, projects downward from the center of the lower plate, m, and has a ine screw-thread formed upon its interior surface. To the lower end of this tube and the under side of the plate m is secured, by solder or other suitable means, a flat plate, 7L.

A small screw, e, passes downward from the center of the upper plate, a, through the ring d, and screws into the tube f, thus firmly sccurng the two plates a and m to the ring d, or, in other words, holding the different parts of the device together.

VThe plates a, m, and h may be made of sheet metal, and shaped in a suitable press or by any other proper means.

In order to attach the ventilator to the hat a circular hole corresponding in size to the ring d is formed in the crown thereof, in which the said ring is placed, with the plate ct above the crown and the plate m below it, and with the lian ges d and I) claspin g the crown between them at the edges of the hole, and thus firmly securing the device to the crown.

The air-passages formed by the surfaces a and g are curved or semicircular in their vertical section, passing from the inside to the outside of the hat, and the curved surfaces a', which form the upper part of the said passages, deiiect the air downward when it presses against them, so as to cause it to pass through the passages into the hat. These passages being ranged, as aforesaid, in a circle concentric with the center of the plates a and m, the air can enter on any side of the hat and will be expelled at the opposite side thereof. When the hat is placed upon the head the movement, as in riding or walking, of the person Wearing it will induce a current of air, which will pass down through the passages a g on that side of the hat which is in advance, as shown by the arrows in red line in Fig. 2. The cool air thus entering the hat displaccs the warm air therein, which flows outward through the opposite side of the ventilator, as shown by the arrows in black lines in the same figure. The

me result will be produced by the wind blowg against the sides of the ventilator from 1y given direction. The fresh outer air may lus enter the ventilator at any side thereof, le Warm air passing outward through the )posite side, and so insuring a constant cirilation of cool air within the hat.

It is obvious that in this connection a hat lay be regarded as indicating any analogous )vering for the head for man or Woman.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure y Letters Patent, is-

l. A hat provided WithAa ventilator conisting of the series of air deiecting and con- B. J. BURNETT.

Witnesses JAMES A. WHITNEY,

GEO. W. REED. 

